Gen info
- Paratrophis is a genus of 12 species of herbs in the mulberry family.
- Streblus is derived from Greek word steblos, meaning 'twisted', referring to the zig-zag pattern of branchlets.

Botany
• Galigiuan is a medium to large tree reaching about 15 m or more and a diameter reaching about 30 cm or more upon maturity. Flowers are small, white, star-shaped with five petals. Edible fruit is a drupe, colored dark red to black at the fully ripe stage, round to slightly oblong, about 0.4–0.6 cm in diameter, and contains one small, black, and round seed.

Distribution
- Native to the Philippines.
- Also native to Borneo, Malaya, New Guinea, Solomon Is., Sulawesi, Sumatera. (1)
- In montane forests up to 1200 m.
- Ornamental plant in gardens and parks.

Constituents
- Physicochemical analysis showed acceptable levels of acetic acid, alcohol, citric acid, fructose, glycerol, lactic acid, pH, saccaharose, total acid, total sugar, and absence of glucose and tartaric acid. (see study below)

Properties
- Birds and bats of all kinds feed on ripe fruits of galigiuan but, due to its abundance during its peak season, mostly fall on the ground and decay.
- The fruit is similar to that of bignay (Antidesma bunius) but smaller in size.
- In Ifugao, fruit starts to develop starting in January and the peak of fruit ripening is within the month of April. (3)

Parts used
Fruits.

Uses
Edibility
- Fruits are edible; sour when unriple, sweet and slightly sour when ripe. (3)
- Fruits used for wine making. (see study below) (3)
Folkloric
- Used to treat wounds and various skin conditions.
Others
- Wine: Fruit used for wine making.

Studies
• Fruit Wine: Study reports on a process of producing wine from galigiuan (P. glabra) fruit to avoid its wastage during peak fruting season and evaluated its physicochemical contents, sensory attributes, and general acceptability. Physicochemical analysis showed acceptable levels of acetic acid, alcohol, citric acid, fructose, glycerol, lactic acid, pH, saccaharose, total acid, total sugar, and absence of glucose and tartaric acid, which were within standards comparable to other tropical fruit wines. Wine showed good appearance, aroma, taste, and textue/finish comparable to bignay wine. Study suggests market potential as alternative source of wine beverage and livelihood. (3)

Availability
Wild-crafted.

Additional Sources and Suggested Readings
(1)
Paratrophis glabra / KEW: Plants of the World Online
(2)
Paratrophis glabra / Last Edited by P.B.Pelser, Nov 2023 / Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines
(3)
Physicochemical Properties and Sensory Qualities of Wine Produced from galigiuan (Paratrophis glabra) Fruit / Ma Louisa G Taguiling /  Philippine Journal of Science, 20223; 152(5): pp 1599-1607 /
ISSN: 0031-7683

DOI: It is not uncommon for links on studies/sources to change. Copying and pasting the information on the search window or using the DOI (if available) will often redirect to the new link page. (Citing and Using a (DOI) Digital Object Identifier)